average values, 11, 39–40, 141–158

B

background information, 69

backward elimination approach, 295

bad fit line, 215–216

balanced groups, 154

bar charts, 113, 126

base2 logarithms,

22

base10 logarithms,

22

basee logarithms,

22

baseline survival function, 342–344

baseline values, 96

beta (β), 41

bimodal (twopeaked) distribution,

114, 117

binary logarithms, 22

binary variables, 173–174, 177, 236–238

binomial distribution, 36, 354–355

biology, 1

biopsy specimens, 188

biostatisticians, 60, 141, 161, 168–169

biostatistics, definition of, 1, 7

bivariate analysis, 11, 128, 145, 160

blinding, 66, 70, 171

blocked randomization, 67

blood pressure

of study participants, 116–117

variable name, 18

body mass index (BMI), 177

bolus, 280

Bonferroni adjustment, 153–156

boxandwhiskers charts,

127–128

Bradford Hill’s criteria of causality, 297–298